Laws against sexual offences and women crimes

  •  CrPC was amended in 2018 and the period of investigation was reduced from 90 to 60 days for all cases of rape.
  • Andha pradesh's Disha Bill 2019: temporarily down. clause investigation to be completed within a week.
  • Maharashtra's Shakti Act 2020 : investigation to be completed within 15 days

the time of investigation depends on 
  • the severity of the crime,
  •  the number of accused persons and agencies involved. 

It includes examination of the scene of crime by the investigating officer IO and forensic expert; recording the statement of the victim (by the IO and the judicial magistrate) and witnesses; medical examination of the victim (at a place where a female doctor is available) and accused persons; collecting documents relating to age from parents, local bodies and school (in case of child victim and delinquents); DNA findings of the forensic science lab (FSL); test identification parade of accused persons (if not initially named); seizing weapons of offence, arrest of accused.

The speed and quality of investigation also depends on whether a police station has separate units of investigation and law and order, which is also a long pending police reform awaiting compliance of the apex court’s directives.
 It also depends on the number of available IOs and women police officers and the size and growth of the FSL and its DNA unit. 

Investigation of sensitive offenses should be done expeditiously. However, setting narrow timelines for investigation, creates for procedural loopholes which may be exploited during trial.

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